Step Sequence and Direction Detection of Four Square Step Test

Four square step test performance in people with Parkinson disease.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The Four Square Step Test (4SST), a quick and simple test of multidirectional stepping, may be useful in predicting falls in people with Parkinson disease (PD). We studied the reliability of the 4SST and its ability to discriminate between freezers and nonfreezers, between fallers and nonfallers, and factors predictive of 4SST performance in people with PD. METHODS Fift...

Augmented Test Collections: A Step in the Right Direction

In this position paper we argue that certain aspects of relevance assessment in the evaluation of IR systems are oversimplified and that human assessments represented by qrels should be augmented to take account of contextual factors and the subjectivity of the task at hand. We propose enhancing test collections used in evaluation with information related to human assessors and their interpreta...

Development of the Modified Four Square Step Test and its reliability and validity in people with stroke.

Adults with stroke have difficulty avoiding obstacles when walking, especially when a time constraint is imposed. The Four Square Step Test (FSST) evaluates dynamic balance by requiring individuals to step over canes in multiple directions while being timed, but many people with stroke are unable to complete it. The purposes of this study were to (1) modify the FSST by replacing the canes with ...

Maximal Step Test: A New Approach to Step Test Improvements

The purpose of this study was to introduce a new maximal step test (NMST) with adjusted step height based on the knee joint angle of 90°. Thirty female students of physical education With (Mean ± SD, ages: 23.6±2.11 yr, height: 164.63±7.14cm, weight: 60.97±4.01 kg, body fat percent: 23.6±2.11) participated in the study and performed both NMST and a maximal graded excise test (GXT) to measure ma...

The Four Step Model